Differences Between Jacquard Looms & Dobby Looms.

Can you differentiate between Jacquard and Dobby loom?
The crucial difference between a Jacquard and Dobby loom is how the long, vertical warp yarns are moved up and down while the horizontal weft yarn is passed through. 
The process of moving different warp yarns up and down while the weft yarn is passed back and forth creates a pattern.
The main difference between a dobby and Jacquard loom is how the warp yarns are moved up and down. In the case of a Dobby loom, you can only control the warp yarns in groups, moved by harnesses.
{Definition of harness is used for each group of warp ends that must be moved independently to weave a desired pattern.}
When a harness goes up or down, all the warp yarns attached to it move with it. That, combined with the loom only being able to hold a certain number of harnesses limits how complex a pattern can be.
Dobby looms are best used for simple geometric patterns because of the limitations of the harnesses.
Dobby looms create fabric with simple, repetitive patterns on the other hand, Jacquard loom allows you more freedom in weaving so that you can create intricate woven-in patterns.
Dobby looms first appeared around 1843, roughly 40 years after Jacquard looms a device that can be mounted atop a loom to lift the individual heddles and warp threads.
The jacquard fabric finds its way back to brocade. In the 4th century, linens and silks were woven into complex patterns to form beautiful fabrics. 
Jacquard is best known for its uniquely woven raised patterns. The design is not dyed but incorporated onto the fabric. By this, it is ensured that the pattern is woven directly into the fabric.
The jacquard fabric gets its name from a French weaver Joseph-Marie Jacquard who invented the technology of such embossed designs on a fabric, in the early 1800s
To weave fabric on a loom, a thread ( weft) is passed over and under a set of threads (warp).
It is this interlacing of threads at right angles to each other that forms cloth. The particular order in which the weft passes over and under the warp threads determines the pattern that is woven into the fabric. 
Before the Jacquard system, a weaver's assistant (known as a draw boy) had to sit atop a loom and manually raise and lower its warp threads to create patterned cloth. This was a slow and laborious process.
The key to the success of Jacquard's invention was its use of interchangeable cards, upon which small holes were punched, which held instructions for weaving a pattern. This innovation effectively took over the time-consuming job of the draw boy. 
When fed into the Jacquard mechanism (fitted to the top of the loom), the cards controlled which warp threads should be raised to allow the weft thread to pass under them. With these punch cards, Jacquard looms could quickly reproduce any pattern a designer could think up, and replicate it again and again.
Why jacquard fabrics appear differently to normal fabrics:
1.First, the complexity of the design. Before the invention of the jacquard loom, detailed patterns were made by hand and involved a lot of labor and time. Nowadays, highly detailed motifs are woven automatically in a much shorter time. The secret is in controlling warp yarns. The jacquard loom creates a pattern by selecting and lifting warp yarns.
2.Second, the number of colors used. Modern technologies make it possible to produce sophisticated designs with a large or small repeat in the desired color range. You can weave anything you like using just one color or dozens of them: geometry, flora and fauna, abstract shapes, complex figures, etc.
With the constant changes and advancements in technology, today, jacquard weaving is done with the help of modern computers which control the jacquard looms. 
This has thousands of hooks and is threaded with numerous yarns. The computer eases this process and makes it less time consuming. Even though there are complex designs, the computer ensures in making the output more quality intensive.
The first electronic Jacquard were launched in 1983 in Europe. Although the machines were initially small, modern technology has allowed Jacquard machine capacity to increase significantly, and single end warp control can extend to more than 10,000 warp ends.
What is the advantage of using electronic jacquard:
Use of indigenous electronic jacquard in place of mechanical jacquard for weaving traditional and also contemporary fashionable handloom silk sarees is a revolution seen now-a-days in all the above silk saree weaving clusters of India. The value added niche products, produced easily by using handloom electronic jacquard could be sold at high cost, which in turn fetches considerable earnings to the skilled weavers who operate the modernized handloom.
"There are no boundaries for what can be fabric."
Jai Devanga.
GaviRangappa S P
Devanga's Vidhana
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